There are several reasons why your dog's eye might be red:
I. Infections
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Conjunctivitis
- Bacterial Conjunctivitis: Bacteria can infect the conjunctiva, the thin membrane covering the white part of the eye and the inner eyelid. This can occur due to poor hygiene, exposure to other infected animals, or a weakened immune system. Symptoms include redness, discharge (which can be clear, yellow, or green), and blinking or squinting.
- Viral Conjunctivitis: Viruses such as canine distemper virus can affect the eyes, leading to redness and other symptoms. Vaccination is important for preventing viral diseases that can cause eye problems.
- Fungal Conjunctivitis: In some cases, fungi can infect the eyes, especially in dogs living in humid environments or with weakened immune systems. Fungal conjunctivitis may cause redness, itching, and a thick, cheesy - like discharge.
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Keratitis
- Inflammation of the cornea (the clear front part of the eye) can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. It can also be due to trauma, such as a scratch on the cornea. Redness, pain, and cloudiness of the cornea are common symptoms.
Also Read: Conjunctivitis in Dogs: Causes, Symptoms& Treatment
II. Injuries
- Scratches and Abrasions
- Dogs are curious and active, and they may accidentally scratch their eyes while exploring. A scratch on the cornea or conjunctiva can cause immediate redness, pain, and excessive blinking. Foreign objects like grass seeds or small pieces of debris can also get lodged in the eye, leading to irritation and redness.
- Trauma
- A blow to the head or eye area, for example, from a fall or a collision, can damage the blood vessels in the eye, resulting in redness. This can be a serious situation and may require immediate veterinary attention.
III. Other Conditions
- Dry Eye
- Some dogs may not produce enough tears to keep their eyes lubricated. This can be due to certain medications, genetic factors, or autoimmune diseases. Without enough tears, the eyes become dry and red, and may also develop a thick, mucus - like discharge.
- Glaucoma
- Glaucoma is a condition where there is an abnormal increase in the pressure inside the eye. This can damage the optic nerve and lead to vision loss if not treated promptly. One of the early signs is redness in the eye, along with pain, cloudiness of the cornea, and dilated pupils.
- Uveitis
- Inflammation of the uveal tract (which includes the iris, ciliary body, and choroid) can be caused by infections, autoimmune disorders, or systemic diseases. Uveitis can cause redness, pain, and a decrease in vision.
- Allergies
- Just like humans, dogs can be allergic to various substances in their environment, such as pollen, dust mites, or certain foods. Allergic reactions can cause redness, itching, and watering of the eyes.